How to Get Married in Virginia: License and Venue Guide

Getting married in Virginia is a meaningful and legally recognized milestone that combines personal celebration with state-regulated procedures. Whether you’re planning a quiet courthouse ceremony, a scenic outdoor wedding in the Blue Ridge Mountains, or a historic venue in Williamsburg, understanding the legal requirements and logistical steps is essential to ensure your marriage is valid and stress-free. This comprehensive guide walks you through every phase of the process—from obtaining a marriage license to selecting the perfect venue—so you can focus on what truly matters: beginning your life together.

Virginia offers flexibility and beauty for couples seeking to marry, with no waiting period, no residency requirement, and no blood test needed. However, the state does enforce specific rules around who can officiate, how licenses are issued, and where ceremonies can legally take place. This guide breaks down each component in clear, actionable steps, supported by best practices, real-world examples, and essential tools to help you navigate the process confidently and efficiently.

Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Determine Eligibility to Marry in Virginia

Before applying for a marriage license, both parties must meet Virginia’s legal requirements. You must both be at least 18 years old. If either party is 16 or 17, parental consent and a court order are required. Individuals under 16 cannot marry under any circumstances.

Both parties must be unmarried. If previously married, you must provide proof of dissolution—such as a divorce decree or death certificate of a former spouse. The state does not recognize common-law marriages, so a formal license and ceremony are mandatory.

There is no residency requirement. Couples from any state or country may apply for a Virginia marriage license and marry anywhere within the Commonwealth. This makes Virginia a popular destination for elopements and destination weddings.

Step 2: Choose Your Marriage License Issuing Office

Marriage licenses in Virginia are issued by the Clerk of the Circuit Court in any county or city. You may apply in the jurisdiction where either party resides, where the ceremony will take place, or in any Virginia jurisdiction—no matter your home state.

It’s recommended to apply in the county where you plan to marry, as this simplifies record-keeping and reduces potential delays. However, if you’re planning a multi-day trip or have logistical constraints, applying in a nearby county is perfectly acceptable. All Virginia counties recognize licenses issued by any other county within the state.

To locate the correct office, visit the official website of the Virginia Court System (www.courts.state.va.us) and search for “Clerk of Circuit Court” by county. Most offices have online directories with addresses, hours, and contact information.

Step 3: Gather Required Documents

When you visit the Clerk’s Office, bring the following documents:

• Valid government-issued photo ID (driver’s license, state ID, passport, or military ID)
• Social Security numbers (if applicable; not required but strongly recommended)
• Proof of divorce or death of a previous spouse, if applicable (certified copies)
• Birth certificates (sometimes requested, especially for minors or international applicants)

For non-U.S. citizens, a valid passport is sufficient. If your name has changed due to marriage in a previous relationship, bring documentation of the legal name change. All documents must be original; photocopies are not accepted.

Step 4: Complete the Marriage License Application

At the Clerk’s Office, you’ll complete a short application form. Both parties must be present and sign the application under oath. The form asks for full legal names, dates of birth, places of birth, parents’ full names (including mothers’ maiden names), and current addresses.

There is no waiting period in Virginia. Once the application is approved and fees are paid, the license is issued immediately. The license is valid for 60 days from the date of issuance and can be used anywhere in Virginia.

The fee for a marriage license varies by jurisdiction but typically ranges from $30 to $50. Most offices accept cash, check, or credit/debit cards. Confirm payment methods in advance, as some rural offices may not accept cards.

Step 5: Schedule Your Ceremony and Select an Officiant

Virginia law requires that a marriage be solemnized by an authorized officiant. Eligible officiants include:

• Ordained ministers of any religious denomination
• Judges and retired judges
• Circuit court clerks
• Magistrates

Some counties allow online ordination through religious organizations (such as the Universal Life Church) to qualify as a one-time officiant. However, this varies by jurisdiction, so check with your local Clerk’s Office before proceeding.

If you’re planning a civil ceremony, you can request a magistrate to officiate. Many Clerk’s Offices offer magistrate services on-site for a small additional fee (usually $50–$100). Magistrates are available during business hours and can perform ceremonies immediately after license issuance.

For private ceremonies, you may choose a friend or family member who has been ordained. Ensure they understand Virginia’s legal requirements: they must sign the license in the presence of two witnesses and return it to the Clerk’s Office within five days of the ceremony.

Step 6: Choose and Confirm Your Wedding Venue

Virginia offers an extraordinary range of venues—from historic courthouses and vineyards to mountain lodges and beachside pavilions. Your choice of venue must comply with local zoning laws and permit requirements.

Public venues like parks, beaches, and state-owned historic sites often require advance permits. For example, marrying at the Jefferson Memorial in Richmond or on the shores of Lake Moomaw requires contacting the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation or the relevant park authority.

Private venues such as hotels, barns, wineries, and estates typically have in-house coordinators who handle permits and logistics. When selecting a venue, confirm the following:

• Is the venue licensed for weddings?
• Does it provide a backup plan for inclement weather?
• Are there noise ordinances or curfews?
• Is parking and accessibility available?
• Does the venue require you to use their preferred vendors?

Many venues offer “wedding packages” that include officiant services, photography, and catering. Review contracts carefully to avoid hidden fees.

Step 7: Secure Two Witnesses

Virginia law requires two witnesses over the age of 18 to be present during the ceremony and to sign the marriage license. Witnesses do not need to be residents of Virginia, nor do they need to be related to either party.

It’s common to ask close friends or family members to serve as witnesses. If you’re having a small or elopement-style ceremony, many venues or magistrates can provide witnesses for a nominal fee (usually $25–$50).

Ensure your witnesses bring photo ID. While not always required, having identification helps avoid delays if the Clerk’s Office requests verification.

Step 8: Conduct the Ceremony

On your wedding day, the officiant must perform a legally recognized ceremony. There is no required script in Virginia, but the officiant must declare that you are married and that you consent to the union. Common phrases include “I now pronounce you husband and wife” or “By the authority vested in me, I declare you married.”

The ceremony must be conducted in person. Virtual or remote ceremonies are not legally recognized in Virginia.

After the ceremony, the officiant and two witnesses must sign the marriage license. The officiant is responsible for returning the signed license to the Clerk’s Office within five days. Failure to do so invalidates the marriage.

Step 9: Obtain Your Certified Marriage Certificate

Once the signed license is filed with the Clerk’s Office, it becomes part of the public record. You can request certified copies of your marriage certificate for legal purposes such as changing your name, updating Social Security records, or applying for spousal benefits.

Certified copies cost $2.50 per copy and can be ordered in person, by mail, or online through the Virginia Department of Health’s Office of Vital Records. Processing time is typically 7–10 business days. Expedited service is available for an additional fee.

Keep at least three certified copies: one for your personal records, one for name changes, and one for financial institutions or government agencies.

Step 10: Update Your Legal Documents

After receiving your certified marriage certificate, begin updating your legal documents. This includes:

• Social Security Administration (SSA)
• Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) for new driver’s license
• Bank and credit card accounts
• Employer payroll and benefits systems
• Insurance policies (health, auto, life)
• Passport and other government IDs
• Lease or mortgage agreements
• Will and estate documents

Some institutions require the original certified copy; others accept photocopies. Always keep the original in a safe place, such as a fireproof safe or safety deposit box.

Best Practices

Apply for Your License Early

Although Virginia has no waiting period, it’s wise to obtain your marriage license at least one to two weeks before your ceremony. This gives you time to resolve any documentation issues, schedule your officiant, and confirm venue logistics. Rushing the process can lead to last-minute stress or delays.

Double-Check All Names and Dates

Spelling errors on the marriage license—especially in names or birth dates—can cause significant delays in processing your certificate. Verify every detail with the Clerk’s Office before signing. If a mistake is made, you may need to reapply for a new license, which incurs an additional fee.

Confirm Officiant Availability and Credentials

Don’t assume an online ordination is automatically accepted. Some jurisdictions require officiants to register in advance or provide proof of ordination. Contact the Clerk’s Office directly to confirm whether your chosen officiant qualifies.

Plan for Weather and Contingencies

If you’re marrying outdoors, always have a backup indoor location. Virginia weather can be unpredictable, especially in spring and fall. Many venues offer indoor alternatives, but confirm this in writing. Also, consider the time of day—sunrise and sunset ceremonies are popular but may require additional lighting or permits.

Bring Extra Copies of Documents

Always carry two copies of each required document. One may be retained by the Clerk’s Office, and the other serves as a backup. This is especially important for international couples or those with complex marital histories.

Understand Venue Restrictions

Some venues prohibit alcohol, loud music, or open flames. Others require insurance coverage or have guest limits. Read all contracts thoroughly and ask questions before signing. A well-informed couple avoids unexpected fees or cancellations.

Use a Wedding Planner or Coordinator

Even for small weddings, a coordinator can help manage timelines, vendor communication, and legal paperwork. Many venues provide in-house coordinators at no extra cost. If not, consider hiring a local planner familiar with Virginia’s marriage laws.

Preserve the Original License

The signed marriage license is your legal proof of marriage until you receive the certified certificate. Keep it in a secure, dry place. Do not laminate it—it may invalidate the document. Store it with your other important documents.

Notify Important Parties

After your wedding, notify family, employers, and financial institutions. Set reminders for name change deadlines—some agencies require updates within 30–60 days. Missing deadlines can delay benefits or cause account access issues.

Tools and Resources

Official Virginia Court System Website

www.courts.state.va.us

This is the primary source for locating Clerk of Circuit Court offices, fees, forms, and contact information. The site includes a searchable directory and downloadable application forms.

Virginia Department of Health – Office of Vital Records

vdh.virginia.gov/vital-records

Order certified marriage certificates, view processing times, and access name change forms. The online portal allows you to apply for copies and track delivery status.

Marriage License Calculator

www.marriagelicensecalculator.com/virginia

This free tool helps you determine the earliest and latest dates to apply for your license based on your ceremony date. It also reminds you of deadlines for returning the signed license.

Virginia Wedding Venue Directory

www.virginiaweddingvenues.com

A curated list of licensed wedding venues across the state, filtered by region, capacity, price range, and amenities. Each listing includes reviews, availability calendars, and contact details.

Online Ordination Services

www.universallifechurch.org

A widely accepted option for couples wishing to have a friend or family member officiate. The process is free and takes minutes. Confirm with your local Clerk’s Office that they accept ULC ordinations.

Google Maps + Satellite View

Use Google Maps to scout potential outdoor venues. Switch to satellite view to assess terrain, accessibility, and proximity to restrooms or parking. Many couples use this tool to find secluded, picturesque spots that aren’t listed in official directories.

Document Scanner Apps

Adobe Scan, Microsoft Lens, or CamScanner

Digitize all your documents before visiting the Clerk’s Office. This allows you to email copies to your officiant or venue coordinator and ensures you have backups if originals are lost.

Wedding Planning Apps

WeddingWire, The Knot, or Zola

These apps help you track deadlines, budget, guest lists, and vendor contracts. Many include Virginia-specific checklists and legal reminders tailored to state requirements.

Legal Name Change Guide (Virginia DMV)

www.dmv.virginia.gov

Download the official name change packet from the Virginia DMV website. It includes step-by-step instructions, required forms, and a checklist of documents needed to update your license, registration, and voter registration.

Real Examples

Example 1: Elopement in Shenandoah National Park

Emma and James, residents of Maryland, planned a quiet elopement at Skyline Drive in Shenandoah National Park. They applied for their marriage license in Rockingham County, where the park entrance is located. They chose an ordained friend as their officiant and contacted the National Park Service to secure a special use permit for the ceremony site.

They arrived at the Clerk’s Office on a Monday morning, presented their IDs and divorce decree (from a prior marriage), and received their license within 20 minutes. They scheduled their ceremony for 7:30 a.m. the following Saturday, just as the sun rose over the Blue Ridge Mountains. Two fellow hikers they met at the visitor center served as witnesses.

After the ceremony, their officiant mailed the signed license to the Clerk’s Office. Six days later, they received their certified marriage certificate by email. They used it to update their names on bank accounts and their passports within two weeks.

Example 2: Historic Wedding in Williamsburg

Sarah and Michael, originally from California, chose the historic Bruton Parish Church in Williamsburg for their wedding. The church has its own officiant, but they wanted their parents to participate in the ceremony. They arranged for their mother to be ordained online and worked with the church’s wedding coordinator to structure a blended ceremony.

They obtained their marriage license in James City County, where the church is located. The coordinator provided two witnesses and handled the return of the license. The couple hosted a reception at a nearby vineyard, which included a private tour and wine tasting.

Because they were out-of-state, they ordered three certified copies of their certificate and mailed one to each of their parents. They used another to update their Social Security records and reissue their driver’s licenses in California.

Example 3: Destination Wedding for International Couple

Julia, a German citizen, and Daniel, a U.S. citizen from Richmond, planned their wedding at a waterfront estate in Norfolk. Julia’s passport was her only form of ID. She also brought a certified translation of her birth certificate, which was notarized in Germany.

They applied for their license in Norfolk City Clerk’s Office. The clerk asked for proof that Julia was legally free to marry, so they provided her “Certificate of No Impediment” issued by the German consulate in Washington, D.C.

They hired a magistrate to officiate and invited two friends as witnesses. After the ceremony, they used the certified marriage certificate to apply for a U.S. spousal visa for Julia. The entire process—from license to visa approval—took less than three months.

FAQs

Do I need to be a Virginia resident to get married here?

No. Virginia does not require residency. Couples from any state or country can apply for a marriage license and marry anywhere in Virginia.

Is there a waiting period after getting the license?

No. Virginia has no waiting period. You can receive your license and get married on the same day.

Can I get married by video call or Zoom?

No. Virginia law requires the ceremony to be performed in person. Virtual ceremonies are not legally recognized.

How long is the marriage license valid?

The license is valid for 60 days from the date of issuance. If you don’t marry within that time, you must reapply and pay the fee again.

Can I change my name on my license?

You can indicate your desired name change on the application form, but the license itself will reflect your legal names at the time of application. Your certified marriage certificate is the legal document used to change your name officially.

Do I need witnesses?

Yes. Two witnesses over the age of 18 must be present and sign the marriage license.

Can a friend officiate my wedding?

Yes, if they are legally ordained. Online ordination through organizations like the Universal Life Church is generally accepted, but confirm with your local Clerk’s Office first.

What if I lose my marriage license?

If the license is lost before the ceremony, you must return to the Clerk’s Office to request a duplicate. A fee may apply. If lost after the ceremony but before filing, contact the officiant immediately—they may have a copy.

Can I get married on a Sunday or holiday?

Yes. Many Clerk’s Offices are open on weekends and holidays, but hours may be limited. Always check the office’s published schedule before visiting.

Do I need a blood test?

No. Virginia abolished the blood test requirement in 2003.

Can I get married at a national park or beach?

Yes, but you must obtain a special use permit from the managing agency (e.g., National Park Service or Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation). Permits can take weeks to process, so apply early.

How do I get a copy of my marriage certificate after the wedding?

Order certified copies from the Virginia Department of Health’s Office of Vital Records. You can apply online, by mail, or in person. Processing takes 7–10 business days.

Can two people of the same sex get married in Virginia?

Yes. Same-sex marriage has been legal in Virginia since 2014, following federal court rulings and the 2015 Obergefell v. Hodges decision.

What if one of us is under 18?

Individuals aged 16 or 17 may marry with parental consent and a court order. Under-16 marriages are not permitted under any circumstances.

Conclusion

Getting married in Virginia is a straightforward and rewarding process when you understand the legal framework and plan ahead. From securing your marriage license to choosing a venue that reflects your story, every step is an opportunity to create a meaningful and legally sound beginning to your life together.

By following this guide, you’ve gained clarity on eligibility, documentation, officiant requirements, venue selection, and post-wedding procedures. You now know how to avoid common pitfalls, leverage available tools, and navigate both the bureaucratic and emotional aspects of marriage with confidence.

Virginia’s natural beauty, historic charm, and flexible laws make it an ideal setting for weddings of all kinds—whether intimate, grand, traditional, or unconventional. The key to success is preparation. Apply early, verify every detail, communicate clearly with your officiant and venue, and preserve your documents.

When you stand before your officiant, surrounded by the people who matter most, remember: the license is just the paperwork. What truly matters is the promise you make to each other. And with this guide, you’ve ensured that promise is recognized, honored, and protected under the law.